Items

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  Alberto Garcia oral history recording Part 2

  An audio recording of an oral history of Alberto Garcia, father of Virginia Garcia, a young child who died in 1975 in Washington County. Part 2 of 2. The recording continues from the end of Part 1, where Garcia was describing the inauguration of the clinic. He tells the story of a man by the name of 'Cortez' and some financial problems that were involved with this man (who was involved in the creation of the clinic). At about minute 11:45, Garcia tells more details of Virginia's death, sharing that the capsule that killed her was administered at home. They also share that Virginia's family nickname was 'Gina,' due to her younger brother being unable to pronounce her full name. Virginia is referred to as 'Gina' for most of the interview. At minute 20:30, Garcia talks of their decision to leave Oregon after Virginia's death and explains the various reasons why they did not return to after that. Garcia returns to the topic of the inauguration of the clinic and how they felt that day at minute 25:00. At minute 27:00 he talks about his big family, which now includes 12 grandchildren and a great-grandchild, and there is a brief pause at minute 30:35. He speaks of his wife's last days alive at around minute 31:45, and proceeds to share about his wife's life working in the fields. He ends the recording sharing that he is happy the clinic is helping the community, and shares of the many people he knew throughout his life as a migrant worker who did not have access to health care./////// Una grabación en audio de una historia oral de Alberto García, padre de Virginia García, una niña que murió en 1975 en el condado de Washington. La grabación continúa el tema del final de la Parte 1, donde García estaba describiendo la inauguración de la clínica. Cuenta la historia de un hombre con el nombre de 'Cortez' y algunos problemas financieros que estaban involucrados con este hombre (quien estuvo involucrado en la creación de la clínica). Alrededor del minuto 11:45, García cuenta más detalles de la muerte de Virginia, compartiendo que la cápsula que la mató fue administrada en casa. También comparten que el apodo familiar de Virginia fue 'Gina', debido a que su hermano menor no pudo pronunciar su nombre completo. Continúan refiriéndose a Virginia como 'Gina' durante la mayor parte de la entrevista. Al minuto 20:30, García habla de su decisión de abandonar Oregon después de la muerte de Virginia y explica las varias razones por las que no regresaron después de eso. García vuelve al tema de la inauguración de la clínica y cómo se sintieron ese día alrededor del minuto 25:00. En el minuto 27:00 él habla de su familia grande, que ahora incluye a 12 nietos ya un bisnieto, y hay una pausa breve en el minuto 30:35. Habla de los últimos días de vida de su esposa antes de morir alrededor del minuto 31:45, y procede a compartir acerca de la vida de su esposa trabajando en los campos. Concluye la grabación compartiendo que está contento que la clínica esté ayudando a la comunidad y comparte de los muchos trabajadores migrantes que conoció a lo largo de su vida que no tenían acceso a la servicios de salud.
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  Alberto Garcia oral history recording Part 1

  An audio recording of an oral history of Alberto Garcia, father of Virginia Garcia, a young child who died in 1975 in Washington County. His daughter, Alma, is also present in the interview. Alberto Garcia was born in 1926 in McAllen, (Edinburg?), Texas. Garcia is about 81 years of age at the time of this interview. He began working in the fields at the age of 16 - from picking cotton in 'El West' of Texas, working in the orange groves near his home town, and migrating seasonally to Idaho to harvest potatoes. He talks about meeting his wife Maria, who he married in 1980. Maria had already passed away from leukemia at the time of this interview. They had eight children together; Linda, Jesus, Alma, Estela, Rubi, Martin, Virginia, and Mario (listed from eldest to youngest). Garcia continues to describes his experiences as a migrant worker, detailing the various types of produce that he harvested from place to place, talking about his experience communicating with different employers while having a language barrier, and traveling from place to place with a young family. Before moving to Oregon, the family lived in Santa Ana, California and Washington. At about minute 28:00, Garcia begins to recount the death of his 6 year old daughter, Virginia. After a small pause in minute 30:00, Garcia begins to talk about Virginia, where she was born, and what she lived through as a child. Alma and Alberto cheerfully remember Virginia as an energetic, mischievous child who loved to sing. Virginia was taken to the doctor due to a fever, and both Garcia and Alma reveal that the cause of death was poisoning due to taking an oral capsule of an adult-dose of penicillin, which was prescribed by the doctor (this disputes the popular story of Virginia dying of an infection due to a cut in her leg). At about minute 47:00, Garcia details the events leading to her death and the aftermath. Starting at minute 48:45, Garcia begins to talk about the decision to sue for the medical malpractice, a case that they won. At minute 54:45 begins to tell the story of how the Virginia Garcia Health Center came to be, a clinic that was already being developed before Virginia's death. This interview is in Spanish. Part 1 of 2. ////////////// Una audio grabación de la historia oral de Alberto García, padre de Virginia García, una niña que murió en 1975 en el condado de Washington. Su hija, Alma, también está presente en la entrevista. Alberto García nació en 1926 en McAllen, (Edinburg?), Texas. García tiene alrededor de 81 años de edad durante esta entrevista. Comenzó a trabajar en los campos a la edad de 16 años - desde la cosecha de algodón en 'El West' de Texas, trabajando en los naranjos cerca de su ciudad natal, y su migración temporal a Idaho para cosechar papas. Habla de conocer a su esposa María, con quien se casó en 1980. María ya había fallecido de leucemia en el momento de esta entrevista. Tuvieron ocho hijos juntos; Linda, Jesús, Alma, Estela, Rubí, Martin, Virginia, y Mario (de mayor a menor). García continúa describiendo sus experiencias como trabajador migrante, detallando los diversos tipos de productos que cosechó de un lugar a otro, hablando de su experiencia comunicándose con diferentes mayordomos con la barrera de idioma, y ​​viajando de un lugar a otro con una familia joven. Antes de mudarse a Oregon, la familia vivío en Santa Ana, California y Washington. Alrededor del minuto 28:00, García comienza a contar sobre la muerte de su hija de seis años, Virginia. Después de una pequeña pausa en el minuto 30:00, García comienza a hablar de Virginia, donde nació, y lo que vivió como una niña. Alma y Alberto recuerdan alegremente a Virginia como una niña enérgica y traviesa que le encantaba cantar. Virginia fue llevada al médico debido a una fiebre, y García y Alma revelan que la causa de la muerte era una intoxicación por tomar una cápsula oral de una dosis de penicilina para adultos, la cual fue recetada por el médico (esto disuelve la historia popular de que Virginia murio de una infección debido a un corte en su pierna). Alrededor del minuto 47:00, García detalla los eventos que llevaron a su muerte y lo que ocurrio despues. A partir del minuto 48:45, García comienza a hablar sobre la decisión de demandar por la negligencia médica, un caso que ellos ganaron. Al partir del minuto 54:45, Garcia comienza a contar la historia de cómo llegó a ser el Centro de Salud Virginia García, una clínica que ya se estaba desarrollando antes de la muerte de Virginia. La entrevista es en español. Parte 1 de 2.
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  Enedelia Schofield Hernandez oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Enedelia Schofield Hernandez. Enedelia Schofield was born in McAllen, Texas in 1958 and came to Oregon in 1962. She describes her childhood in Oregon, the financial hardships that her parents went through, and reflects on her working experiences and how it impacted her work ethic. Schofield is currently a school principal and at minute 6:30 she describes her experiences in the school system, which included discrimination throughout most of her public school education in Washington County. At minute 11:30 she speaks about her name being changed by a teacher from Enedelia to “Annie” and she gives her insight on the importance of claiming ones original name. At minute 18:45 she describes her positive experiences she had while attending Pacific University and at minute 20:20 she reflects on the values that her parents instilled in her and her siblings. She talks about her father's time as the Organizing Director of VIVA (Volunteers in Vanguard Action) and then her parent's role in Centro Cultural. She reflects on the challenges in terms of identity and racism that this next generation is facing at minute 30:30. At minute 37:40 Schofield talks about the importance of role models and representation and at minute 41:00 she talks about the differences in opportunities for students today vs the 60s/70s. At about minute 44:10 Enedelia Schofield defines how she identifies herself and ends the interview explaining the importance and benefits of the knowing Spanish, and reflects on the impact of Centro Cultural in the community. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Vangie Sanchez oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Vangie Sanchez. Evangelina Sanchez was born in Needville, Texas. She finished high school in Texas, and at age 19 joined the migrant stream with her mother, stepfather, siblings, and two children. After living and working seasonally in Colorado and California (where they were introduced to the labor activism of César Chávez and the United Farm Workers), Vangie and her family settled in Washington County in 1967. She eventually left field work to become a home school counselor for Migrant Education, and went on to work for such other social service organizations as Valley Migrant League, Virginia Garcia Clinic, and Legal Aid. While raising her children as a single mother and working, Vangie graduated from the short-lived Colegio César Chávez in 1978. She eventually transitioned to social work and became a child protective service investigator for the state of Oregon, working specifically with Hispanic families. At the time of this interview, Vangie is an instructor for a class for foster parents at Portland State University. In this interview, Vangie Sanchez recounts her experiences of work, education and migration. She reflects on the discrimination and racism that she and her family experienced in Texas and Oregon, the difficulties of raising her children as a single mother, and both the tensions and opportunities for cooperation between Mexican Americans and people born in Mexico. Vangie also elaborates on her values and her personal and ethnic sense of identity. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Isabelle and Raphael Mendoza oral history recording Part 2

  Part 2 of an audio recording of an oral history of Isabelle and Raphael Mendoza. Interview takes place at their business warehouse in NE Portland (Su Casa Super Mercado). Isabel describes early problems with obtaining a liquor license with OLCC (Oregon Liquor Control Commission). At minute 10:13, they talk about their three children and their involvement in the family business. Isabel mentions her community involvement, which includes being in the various planning committees and sitting in the board of directors. At minute 19:00 Isabel shares the limits in opportunities she saw living a primarily Latino community in New Mexico and how moving to Oregon changed that. Rafael then proceeds to share his original plans to eventually move back to Mexico until he saw that staying in Oregon was yelding better opportunities. Rafael shares his vision of further expansion. They recently opened a store in Yakima, Washington; which was made possible due to deliveries they do to restaurants and businesses in that area. They are currently located in Salem, Woodburn, Hillsboro, Yakima, and Portland. She reflects on the hardwork and teamwork it has taken to get to this point in their business. At minute 28:25 the interview transitions to the interviewer receiving a tour by Isabel of their business. The rest of the interview has Isabel describing the various unique items that are sold in their stores accompanied by the sounds of music in the background.
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  Isabelle and Raphael Mendoza oral history recording Part 1

  Part 1 of an audio recording of an oral history of Isabelle and Raphael Mendoza. Recording sounds a bit distorted. Rafael was born in Michoacan, Mexico in 1958 and shares memories of poverty during his childhood. He describes his father coming and going between US and Mexico to do farm/field work. Rafael's first arrival to the U.S was to Stockton, CA where he then migrated to North Plains, OR to work at Jerry Stenker's camp. He shares his devastation in not finishing school to focus on work. Rafael met his wife, Isabel, in 1977. He shares how he and Isabel started their own business. Isabel was born in Wyoming in 1957. Her parents separated and they moved to Mora, New Mexico in 1962 with her mother's family. She shares fond memories of helping out with her family business as a child, as well as helping clean homes for people. She moved to Oregon in 1975. At minutes 29:49 she talks about the SETA program that helped her family find a job, which cemented their stay in Oregon. She describes her experience working at a mink farm as well as her experiences working at Washington County Community Action. Isabel shares how she and Rafael met, cultural differences between the two, and they both go into further detail starting their business in 1982 - which included constant travel to and from California. There is a transcript of Part 1.
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  Hector Hinojosa oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Hector Hinojosa. He was born in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, and migrated to Harlingen, Texas with his family when he was two years old. After Harlingen experienced an economic downturn, the family began migrating seasonally across the country for agricultural work and eventually settled in Washington County. In spite of his abilities, Hector found himself struggling in high school due to a strict policy that penalized him for absences he took to help his family. Hector dropped out during his sophomore year and worked full-time managing a co-op gas station to help support his parents. After a year he was able to return to school through Job Corps in Portland and obtain his GED. Upon graduation Job Corps offered Hector part-time work as a counselor and gave him a scholarship to attend Portland State University to study guidance and counseling. Once he completed the program, Hector worked as a counselor at Forest Grove high school, and after several years began work with a program at University of Oregon to help struggling high school students obtain GEDs. Hector then spent a year working as a recruiter for Colegio César Chávez, and then moved to California to work for Castle & Cooke and negotiate labor contracts between the company and union leaders such as César Chávez. Hector eventually returned to Washington County. He resides in Hillsboro and continues to do independent consulting work for businesses. During his years in Washington County Hector has also been involved with a number of social service organizations. Hector speaks about why his family moved to Washington County, the living and working conditions that his family experienced in Oregon, and the racism that he experienced in Texas and Oregon. He describes his own struggles in an education system that was not sensitive to his familial obligations, and how those experiences informed his work as a counselor, negotiator, and consultant. Hector elaborates on the importance of culture and language to one’s sense of identity, and on both personal and community struggles to offer improved opportunities for Mexican-ancestry and Latino people in and around Hillsboro. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Laura Gamboa oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Laura Gamboa. Gamboa was born in Cuautla in the Mexican state of Morelos south of Mexico City and lived there until she was twenty-one years old. In Cuautla her family had a refreshment stand. Over time the area became increasingly populated, and more and more people opened similar business of their own. Laura noted that sales began to decrease and that the family had less control over which products they offered for sale. Laura moved to Washington County with her two daughters to join her husband and her mother who had relocated there a short time earlier after spending about six months working in Madera, California. Laura found work ironing shirts at a dry cleaner, and took English classes at Saint Matthew Catholic Church and at Portland Community College in Hillsboro. She eventually secured a job with Oregon Childhood Development Coalition where she served as a teacher.
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  Giores oral history recording

  ?Giores” (name changed at narrator’s request) was born in Colima, Mexico and spent most of his adult life in Mexico City before relocating to the United States. Giores found life in Mexico City fast paced, uncertain, and stressful. After working at a number of different occupations there he moved to Oregon—a place that he had some knowledge of through a relative. Starting with fieldwork, he transitioned to landscaping, and now works as a painter. Giores obtained his GED after relocating and lives in Cornelius. He and his wife are enrolled in the microbusiness program at Adelante Mujeres; they hope to begin a tax preparation business and create more financial stability for their family. Giores talks about the reasons why he left Mexico and the pull of the “American dream” that prompted him to relocate. He speaks about the difficulty of the border crossing. The experience inspired him to write a short piece about the border crossing of an individual named Juan. An excerpt from that piece is included at the end of this transcript, shared with the permission of the narrator. Giores elaborates on the process of adjusting to life in Washington County. He explains his relationship with Mexican culture, the country of Mexico, and the ways that he remains in contact with family members there. He also offers his opinions on English-speaking U.S. culture and society. Though work in the United States has not been easy, Giores has overall felt well treated in Washington County and recalls the support of volunteer English teachers and the appreciation that bosses and clients have demonstrated for his work accomplishments. Interview is in Spanish. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Ariadna Covarrubias oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Ariadna Covarrubias on her university experience and Cornelius. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Eduardo Corona oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Eduardo Corona. Corona was born near Mexico City. He graduated from Mexico City’s Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana with a major in Business Administration. He moved to California in 1999 to work for a U.S.-based company with multinational operations, and then moved to Beaverton, Oregon to work for a telecommunications company that was opening a branch in Mexico. After a work-necessitated return to Mexico and several changes of employment, Eduardo and his family moved back to Oregon. He began working as the director of the small business development program for Adelante Mujeres; the program provides Spanish-language instruction and support for men and women in Washington County who are looking to start their own businesses. Eduardo recalls the work opportunities that brought him and his family to Oregon, and compares his life in Oregon to his experiences in both California and Mexico. He mentions instances of discrimination in Washington County, but believes that overall he and his family are comfortable in Hillsboro. He shares his perceptions of the community of Hillsboro, and talks about the opportunities that his work with Adelante Mujeres is helping to create for Spanish-speaking individuals residing in the county. Eduardo is proud of his Mexican identity and culture, and appreciates the ways that his children retain Mexican values while incorporating U.S. culture into their lives. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Sister Ina Marie Nosack oral history recording

  Sister Ina Marie Nosack was born in 1926 in Gervais, Oregon. She spent her senior year of high school at Saint Mary of the Valley (now Valley Catholic) and after high school entered the convent at Sisters of Saint Mary. While working as a teacher, Sister Ina earned a bachelor’s degree and master’s degree in education. She spent several months in Mexico learning Spanish, then worked in the Amazon region of Peru as the principal of a school from 1966 – 1973. After returning from Peru, Sister Ina resumed work as an educator, but after some years made a conscious decision to work with the Hispanic community and became the director of religious education at the Saint Alexander parish in Cornelius. St. Alexander was the first church in the area to offer mass in both Spanish and English. Sister Ina Marie details the ways she sought to assist families and individuals in and beyond her formal duties at Saint Alexander parish. Sister Ina recounts the pain of seeing migrant families struggle to survive or support loved ones, but also the joy of seeing migrant workers and their children build successful lives for themselves in Oregon. She recounts tension between different groups, but also how individuals from different backgrounds came together to provide aid and form bonds with newer arrivals. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Salvador Rodriguez Marquez oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Salvador Rodriguez Marquez, who was a Bracero in California and Texas. He is primarily interviewed over the phone by his son, Jaime Rodriguez. The interview begins with Salvador recounting when he first heard of the Bracero program and other reactions he observed in Mexico. He details the process of being contracted, the emotions he felt being in a new and unknown country, and the journey that he and other Bracero had to go through to get to the contract sites. He talks about arriving to Los Angeles and his experiences with language barriers when purchasing food, and remembers the treatment they received from their bosses at the time. He gives more details of what the contracts would entail in minute 18:00 and recounts how braceros were processed in Calexico before coming to the US, which included being checked for lice and being hosed down with dust. At minute 22:50 he remembers what people would do for the weekends and at minute 25:00, Ilene O'Malley asks him some questions about the 'barajas' where he and and other braceros prepared food. He mentions an immigration checkpoint in San Clemente and remembers the environment of the small Mexican-American towns that their bosses would take them to. At minute 30:00 he compares his working experience between Texas and Los Angeles and at minute 31:15, Beth Dehn inquires about Salvador's reasoning at the time for not applying for permanent legal status in the US. In minute 38:00, he recounts a story where he was robbed and nearly murdered by some 'Chicanos,' how he managed to escape, and the brief aftermath of that incident. At about minute 45:45 he starts talking fatal car accidents that he witnessed in the US, and recounts the time he went to a morgue that mainly served Mexicans and saw their bodies being hung en masse from the heel like pigs. From 49:00-51:15 the interviewers and Salvador are wrapping up and saying their goodbyes. After the phone call is over, the interviewers touch base amongst themselves and clarify a view of the stories they heard, including the car accidents/treatment of the deceased Mexican bodies. Jaime also recounts further details of this topic that he father hadn't mentioned in the phone call. They also clarify the story of when he father was almost killed, how he escaped, and the aftermath. At minute 59:30 the interview detract from the topic and the interviewers say their goodbyes, mentioning they would like to speak with Jaime's father again in the future. //// Una grabación de audio la historia oral de Salvador Rodríguez Márquez, que fue un Bracero en California y Texas. Es entrevistado principalmente por su hijo, Jaime Rodríguez via telefono. La entrevista comienza con Salvador relatando cuando escuchó por primera vez sobre el programa Bracero y la reacciones de otros que observó en México. Detalla el proceso de ser contratado, las emociones que sentía en un país nuevo y desconocido, y el viaje que él y otro Bracero tuvieron que pasar para llegar a los sitios de contratación. Habla de llegar a Los Ángeles y de sus experiencias con su barreras de lenguaje al comprar comida, y recuerda el tratamiento que recibieron de sus jefes durante ese tiempo. Da más detalles de lo que los contratos en minuto 18:00 y relata cómo los braceros fueron procesados ​​en Calexico antes de venir a los EEUU, que incluyó ser comprobado para los piojos y ser bañados con mangeras llenas de polvo. Al minuto 22:50, recuerda lo que la gente hacia durante los fines de semana ya las 25:00, O'Malley le hace algunas preguntas sobre las 'barajas' donde él y otros braceros preparaban comida. Menciona un puesto de redada de inmigración en San Clemente y recuerda el ambiente de los pequeños pueblos mexicano-americanos a donde sus jefes les llevaban. Al minuto 30:00 compara su experiencia de trabajo entre Texas y Los Ángeles y al minuto 31:15, Beth Dehn pregunta sobre la razones de Salvador por no solicitar un estatus legal permanente en los Estados Unidos durante ese tiempo. En el minuto 38:00, él relata una historia en la que fue robado y casi asesinado por unos 'Chicanos', cómo logró escapar, y lo que ocurrio despues del incidente. Alrededor del minuto 45:45 comienza a hablar de accidentes mortales de automóvil que miro en los Estados Unidos, y cuenta de un tiempo en que fue a una morgue que servía principalmente a mexicanos y miro sus cuerpos colgando en masa del talón como cerdos. A partir de las 49:00 - 51:15 los entrevistadores y Salvador se despiden. Después de concluir la llamada telefonica, los entrevistadores hablan entre sí y aclaran alguans de las historias que oyeron, incluyendo los accidentes de tráfico / el tratamiento de los cuerpos mexicanos fallecidos. Jaime también cuenta otros detalles sobre este tema que su padre no había mencionado en la llamada telefónica. También aclaran la historia de cuando Salvador casi fue asesinado, cómo se escapo, y lo que paso despues. A las 59:30 la entrevista desvirtúa el tema y los entrevistadores se despiden, mencionando que les gustaría volver a hablar con el padre de Jaime en el futuro.
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  Jose Jaime oral history recording on Latino migrant labor in Washington County

  An audio recording of an oral history of Jose Jaime regarding Latino migrant laborers and the Bracero program in the 1940s-1960s. Topics include: his oldest brother's work as a bracero in California beginning in the late 1940s; another brother's work as a bracero in Arizona; hearing about work in America while living in Mexico; reasons for leaving Mexico; meaning of the word 'bracero'; Jose's arrival in Washington County, Oregon in 1965; migrant laborers being hired by Tektronix; several churches subsidizing 12 families so that they could settle permanently in the county; abuses of migrant laborers; how the Hispanic community enriches the county. This recording is accompanied by a transcript.
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  Theresa Clark oral history audio recording on braceros in California

  An audio recording of an oral history with Theresa Clark regarding Latino migrant laborers and the Bracero program in California and Oregon. Topics include: working as a payroll clerk for braceros in California beginning in 1956; her family's Mexican background; pay and conditions in migrant camps in California; laborers sending most of their pay back to their families; racist incidents later in life while working for Kaiser in Oregon; hard work done by the braceros; what clothes they wore; moving to Oregon in 1966; racist attitudes in Washington County, Oregon; and other topics. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Melvin VanDomelen oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history with Melvin Van Domelen on Bracero program. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Luz Villaroel oral history recording

  An audio recording of an oral history of Luz Villaroel, including her work with the Beaverton School District as an ESL Counselor. File includes finding aid. There is a transcript of this interview.
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  Enedelia Schofield Hernandez oral history recording Part 3

  The third and last part of an audio recording of an oral history of Enedelia Schofield recorded in March, 2013, about her life in Forest Grove, Oregon. In this section, she talks about her realization of how her minority status affects other people in situations, studying and passing the bar exam ten years after she had gone to law school, and getting a job as a principal at Echo Shaw Elementary School in Forest Grove, Oregon. Though not well received at first, Enedelia tells the story of how she gained the respect of those working with her and the parents entrusting their children to her school. She held a large part in starting the Dual Language Program at Echo Shaw School. She also describes how she met her second husband and got married. Enedelia finishes with giving the advice to people to get involved in the community and help people not become another statistic.
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  Enedelia Schofield Hernandez oral history recording Part 2

  The second part of an audio recording of an oral history of Enedelia Schofield recorded in March, 2013, about her life in Forest Grove, Oregon. Through this section, Enedelia talks about her time at the Lewis and Clark Law School where she learned the value of study groups and what schools can do for minority students. Through these years in her life, Enedelia redefined what success looked like to her and after working as a clerk for a courtroom for a few years, she switched to education. After teaching at the elementary level, she went into an administrative program that allowed her to also get her master’s degree. Enedelia learned over the years the gift she had of being bilingual and what opportunities were opened up to her, as well as the challenges that were presented. She also talks about what she learned from her first marriage and being a Hispanic woman in each of her social settings. At 11:30 of the recording, there is a few second break as the recording switches.
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  Enedelia Schofield Hernandez oral history recording Part 1

  An audio recording of an oral history of Enedelia Schofield recorded in March, 2013, about her life in Forest Grove, Oregon. She starts with describing her memories of the first four years of her life in Texas and the reasons for moving to Oregon. Staying in migrant camps, Enedelia learned at a young age how to work hard for her education and what she wanted. This interview outlines Enedelia’s life through a private Catholic elementary school, a public junior high school, through high school, and into college at Pacific University. Enedelia faced many hardships throughout her education such as experiencing discrimination for the color of her skin, a teacher changing her name, being questioned for academic achievements, accused for cheating, and speaking English at school and Spanish at home. Her determination to go to college got her into Pacific University in Forest Grove, Oregon, where she was able to study her own Spanish culture as well as education. Enedelia has a passion for experiences and how that shapes how people interact with others and learn a second language. There is an attached biography and abstract to the recording.
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  Sabino Sardineta oral history recording Part 5

  An audio recording of an oral history of Sabino Sardineta, including coming to Mt. Angel seminary as a boy, working as a priest, and a discussion of labor camp conditions in the county.
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  Sabino Sardineta oral history recording Part 4

  An audio recording of an oral history of Sabino Sardineta, including coming to Mt. Angel seminary as a boy, working as a priest, and a discussion of labor camp conditions in the county.
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  Sabino Sardineta oral history recording Part 3

  An audio recording of an oral history of Sabino Sardineta, including coming to Mt. Angel seminary as a boy, working as a priest, and a discussion of labor camp conditions in the county.
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  Sabino Sardineta oral history recording Part 2

  An audio recording of an oral history of Sabino Sardineta, including coming to Mt. Angel seminary as a boy, working as a priest, and a discussion of labor camp conditions in the county.